Let’s ditch the ‘Fix-It’ approach to autistic play and stimming

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Let’s ditch the 'Fix-It' approach to autistic play and stimming

December is often presented as a time of perfect, reciprocal play. Children are supposed to be unwrapping toys, sharing, and engaging in imaginative scenarios with family. But for parents of young autistic children, this high-pressure, socially demanding period can often feel like a battleground.

If you’ve been told to interrupt your child’s stimming, push for eye contact, or force them to play ‘functionally’ with toys, it’s time to take a deep breath. Those traditional approaches are not only stressful—they often miss the point of your child’s communication.

As a neurodiversity-affirming Speech and Language Therapist, I want to encourage you this December: You are allowed to follow your child’s lead, validate his or her unique interests, and trust that his or her play and movement are profoundly meaningful.

1. Stimming: not a distraction, but a regulator 💡

Stimming is short for self-stimulatory behaviour and includes repetitive movements or sounds like hand flapping, humming, rocking, finger flicking, or repeating phrases (called echolalia).

For years, parents were incorrectly advised to block or eliminate these behaviours. The neurodiversity-affirming view tells us the exact opposite: Stimming is a vital and essential tool for your child’s self-regulation.

Think of stimming as an internal volume dial:

  • Too loud/overwhelmed: Your child may stim to reduce incoming sensory input (e.g., rocking to ground himself or herself in a busy room).
  • Too quiet/under-stimulated: Your child may stim to increase sensory input and focus (e.g., running back and forth to maintain alertness).

The shift: validate, don’t block

Instead of saying, ‘Stop flapping your hands’, try to understand the message behind the movement.

  • Observe: When does the stimming happen? Is it before a meltdown? When your child excited? When your child is bored?
  • Validate: Name the need, not just the behaviour. You might say, ‘I see your body needs to move fast right now. That helps you calm down!’
  • Co-regulate: If the stim is unsafe (e.g., head-banging), help your child find a safer, alternative stim that meets the same sensory need (e.g., pushing hard against a wall, squeezing a stress ball).

By validating your child’s need to regulate, you are building trust, reducing anxiety, and teaching him or her critical self-awareness.

2. Autistic play: Meaningful, even if it’s monologue

The traditional idea of ‘good play’ often involves turn-taking, pretending, and specific toy functions (e.g., pushing a train around a track). When an autistic child spends 30 minutes lining up cars, spinning their wheels, or scripting whole scenes from a favourite movie, it can often be dismissed as non-functional or repetitive.

In neurodiversity-affirming practice, we recognise that autistic play is authentic play. These activities are crucial for learning, deep focus, and imaginative development.

  • Lining up toys may be an exploration of patterns, visual organisation, and order.
  • Spinning wheels may be a deep interest in cause-and-effect and visual sensory input.
  • Scripting is often a way to process language, regulate emotions, and practise complex social situations in a safe, controlled way.

Make a change: Join your child’s world, don’t drag them to yours.

Stop trying to force the ‘right’ way to play. Instead, try these neuro-affirming strategies:

  1. Be a co-regulator, not a director: If your child is lining up cars, sit down next to him or her. Instead of moving a car, try handing him or her another car to line up. Focus on the shared interest rather than forcing interaction.
  2. Narrate (don’t question): Avoid constantly asking, ‘What are you doing?’ or ‘What does this car say?’ This puts pressure on your child to perform. Instead, narrate your observations using his or her interest: ‘I see you made a long, straight line of red cars. Look at all the wheels spinning!’
  3. Validate the interest: Show genuine appreciation for your child’s focus. ‘Wow, you know so much about how magnets stick together! That’s incredible.’

3. The communication revolution: Honouring gestalt language processing 

Many young autistic children communicate in ways that don’t fit the traditional model of building language word-by-word. Many use Gestalt Language Processing (GLP).

A gestalt language processor learns language in chunks or scripts (e.g., ‘what’s-in-there?’ or ‘ready-go!’). These chunks (or gestalts) are not random; they are often tied to an emotional memory or meaning. Over time, the child breaks down these big chunks into individual words then learns to recombine those words creatively.

If your child repeats movie phrases or whole sentences that seem unrelated, he or she is likely a gestalt language processor!

Affirm the script, then model something useful.

  1. Affirm the script: When your child says a script, respond to the meaning or emotion behind it, not the literal words. If he or she says, ‘We’re going to need a bigger boat’, and he or she is looking at a messy toy pile, he or she may be trying to express overwhelm or a need for help. You can affirm: ‘That pile is too big! I can help you move it.’
  2. Model new ‘mix and match’ scripts: To help your child move from whole scripts to single words, you can model shorter, slightly changed versions of the script, also called ‘mitigated gestalts’. If they say, ‘I want to go home now’, you might model, ‘Let’s go home, now’ or ‘I wanna go home’.

By honouring your child’s communication style, you validate his or her experience and naturally support his or her path to language development—a core part of neurodiversity-affirming SLT.

Your December gift to your little one:

This December, stop trying to make your child fit into a neurotypical box. Instead, make your home a safe space where he or she can be his or her authentic selves.

Prioritise regulation and connection over compliance.

Trust that when your child is regulated, his or her communication, learning, and engagement will flourish naturally. This is the true gift of neurodiversity-affirming practice.

Download and print my neuro-affirming quick reference guide and keep this guide handy on your fridge and/or in your child’s play area for a quick reminder to prioritise connection over conformity.

Sonja McGeachie

Highly Specialist Speech and Language Therapist

Owner of The London Speech and Feeding Practice.


Health Professions Council registered
Royal College of Speech & Language Therapists Member
Member of ASLTIP

Find a speech and language therapist for your child in London. Are you concerned about your child’s speech, feeding or communication skills and don’t know where to turn? Please contact me and we can discuss how I can help you or visit my services page.

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  • · ·

    AAC Systems and Speech and Language Development

    Introduction

    I see a lot of minimally speaking or non-verbal children in my practice. Some children are autistic and others are severely challenged with motor planning and some are both. Some children are simply delayed in their spoken language for reasons that we don’t quite know yet.

    Regardless of the causes, what is always apparent pretty quickly is that apart from the odd gestures or Makaton signs (mainly ‘more” ‘finished’ and “biscuit) we don’t have a robust alternative for speech in place. Instead, what we often have is a child with lots of frustration and tantrums and some behaviours we really don’t want like: hitting, biting, pushing, grabbing and often throwing… There are others, too many to mention, but we don’t enjoy watching our children in these states. And we are often fearful of what might happen next if we don’t find a way to calm our child.

    Fear not

    In my work, before I get to offer an alternative means of communication, I often have to work with a fair amount of resistance on the parents’ side as parents tend to feel that allowing such a system into their lives will prevent their child from speaking. They fear that their child will so enjoy pressing those buttons that they will become lazy and not talk at all.

    I totally get it!

    Parents often feel overwhelmed by the task of getting their own heads round how to use AAC, either in paper form or a computerised system. This can be a great turn-off for lots of people who feel they are not very “techy” – like myself actually! Indeed, it is true to say that I resisted operating in this field for a long time as I didn’t feel able to navigate electronic devices. But fear not. Truly, most systems are very user-friendly. The support is great. And I have managed to become quite proficient in one or two of these systems, through using it daily. It really is as simple as that.

    Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC)

    There is plenty of research on the efficacy of Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC). It is now very well understood and proven that, once we introduce our child to a good, attractive way of communicating that they can actually do, in time children who can speak will speak. Speaking is more effective than any AAC system. It is more versatile, more fun, and when human beings have discovered how to speak, most will do so in favour of any other system.

    Many children and adults, for many reasons, were never going to speak an awful lot, or with great difficulty. Or they were not going to like to speak. Or they were going to like to speak some times but not other times… And for all those people an AAC system is invaluable and a wonderful resource.

    Neuro-diversity affirming means that we do not impose one system of communication on our children (speaking with our mouth) only because it is the one we are using and most people we know too.

    Of course, we want the best for our children, and we want them to have the easiest and most straight forward existence on Earth. Of course we do. Speaking with our mouth does help with that. But we must come to understand that not all children and people feel like that and they struggle to use their mouth for talking.

    Personal experience

    I have difficulties understanding this myself, I will be very honest here. And I will say that – shoot me down in flames SLT fraternity – but I am learning to accept that using an AAC system proficiently is a very good alternative for when speech is not coming. I am learning to accept that some people are perfectly able to speak, and might do so but not always and only when conditions are right. I came into the profession as a speech therapist with the idea that I would help anybody that came to me to speak with their mouth. But I have changed my stance on that and now am happy to help anybody that comes to me to communicate most effectively with whatever works for them. I will always try for speech if I can … Just because it’s easiest!

    Acceptance

    Now I will equally celebrate a child pointing to a symbol or making a sign for something. It is a fantastic moment when it happens for the parents and me and the child! And we can always hope for more speech to come as we go. Nothing wrong with our aspirations, is there?

    The basic premise is this: accept any mode of communication as valid, as long as your communication partner understands what it means. Don’t require individuals to repeat themselves in another modality. Do model the response in the modality you are trying to teach. So, a child can point to a symbol and I will respond with speaking (with my mouth) but I will also respond by pointing to a symbol because that way I am signalling that both are ok and that I have understood and am encouraging the person to say some more.

    Here is some research;

    Binger, C., Berens, J., Kent-Walsh, J., & Taylor, S. (2008) The effects of aided AAC interventions on AAC use, speech and symbolic gestures. Seminars in Speech and Language, 29, 101-111.

    Sennott, S.C., Light, J., & McNaughton, D. (2016). AAC modelling intervention research review. Research and Practice for Persons with Severe Disabilities, 41, 101–15.

    Dada, S., & Alant, E. (2009). The effect of aided language stimulation on vocabulary acquisition in children with little or no functional speech. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 18, 50–64.

    Contact me if you would like your child to have neurodiversity affirming speech and language therapy.


    Find a speech and language therapist for your child in London. Are you concerned about your child’s speech, feeding or communication skills and don’t know where to turn? Please contact me and we can discuss how I can help you or visit my services page.

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  • · ·

    The Hanen Program® – The beauty of the ‘4 S’

    One of my favourite pieces of advice I give to parents is the ‘4 S’, a strategy coined by the Hanen Program® which I teach, particularly the ‘More than Words’ programme which is designed for and aimed at parents of children with Social Communication Difficulties or Autism. It is honestly one of those golden nuggets that I use myself in my practice and I highly recommend it to all my parents. There is something about terms like the ‘4 S’ that is easy to recall and therefore use.

    Introduction

    The ‘4 S’ is a strategy that helps to clarify the words we use with our children so that they can notice us, hear us and understand what we are saying.

    Research shows that we use on average 120-200 words per minute during everyday conversation. That’s a lot! And our children who are still learning to communicate are often bombarded with endless speech coming at them all day long. If we take into account that many of our students are Gestalt Language Processors, we can see that picking out relevant chunks of what we are saying is not at all easy, and this contributes to our children’s delays.

    So let’s look at the ‘4 S’

    1. The first one is SAY LESS

    This means we should use shorter, simpler sentences with good grammar, for example, something like: ‘let’s get ready, time to put our shoes on’ instead of what we might be saying: ‘come on then darling, let’s put your shoes on we need to get going it’s dark outside’ or similar.

    Good grammar helps to give clues about what words mean and how they are used in sentences. So, instead of ‘shoes on’ say ‘let’s put our shoes on’.

    2. The second one is STRESS

    I hear you think ‘I am stressed!‘. – NO! here it means ‘highlight’. We use our voice to highlight the important words in our sentence or phrase. For example, when you say ‘this banana is so yummy’ you can stress the word ‘yummy’ by saying it a bit louder and you can make a gesture, like rubbing your tummy as you say it.

    3. The third one is GO SLOW

    This means to speak a bit slower than you normally would and add pauses. By slowing down the pace of our speaking we give our child time to think and understand what we are saying. When we allow for pauses after we have spoken, we are inviting our child to say something in response.

    4. The last one is SHOW

    Always remember to show actions, gestures, objects, and point to pictures while speaking to help support your child’s understanding. We can show our child what words mean by pointing to things or holding up objects whilst describing or talking about them.

    At this point I would also like to recommend the use of Core Boards, and particularly Electronic AAC devices, such as LAMP Words for Life or PODD. I have written about this in other blogs but can always be persuaded to say a bit more on the matter… 😊 It is such a big help to have an AAC talker available for both the child and the adult so we can find words and pictures to help support the words we are saying.

    For example, today when reading a book like The Hungry Caterpillar (so good!) I used my LAMP AAC talker to make comments as we were looking at the pages together with my student. Example: ‘Look! He is eating more cake he is very hungry’ using my AAC talker I was able to supplement my speech and at the same time I was inviting my minimally speaking child to press a button or two and reply with ‘cake!’ which they would not have said with their mouth otherwise.

    5. It does say ‘4 S’ but really it should be ‘5’ except the fifth is not an ‘S’

    The fifth is REPEAT.

    Repeat words and phrases often throughout the day. When learning a language we all need to hear words and phrases several times and in different situations before we can understand, remember, and then eventually use them. Our children are ‘new language learners’ and so we can apply the same principles that we would when learning a new foreign language ourselves.

    Any questions or need help with supporting your little one’s language please contact me via my contact form, or you could also check out www.hanen.org for advice and lots of inspiration.

    Sonja McGeachie

    Early Intervention Speech and Language Therapist

    Feeding and Dysphagia (Swallowing) Specialist The London Speech and Feeding Practice

    The London Speech and Feeding Practice


    Find a speech and language therapist for your child in London. Are you concerned about your child’s speech, feeding or communication skills and don’t know where to turn? Please contact me and we can discuss how I can help you or visit my services page.

    1
  • Submucous cleft palate: What is it and how does it impact on speech?

    Submucous cleft palate: What is it and how does it impact on speech?

    What exactly is a submucous cleft palate?

    A submucous cleft palate (SMCP) is much less obvious than its counterparts, cleft of lip and/or palate, and can profoundly impact a child’s speech development. It leads to often extreme hyper nasal speech and difficulty with producing many sounds (/K/ /G/ /T/ /D/ /P/ /B/ /S/ /Z/ /F/ /V/).

    In short, the muscles and bone of the soft palate, and sometimes the hard palate, do not fuse completely during foetal development and the mucous membrane that lines the roof of the mouth remains intact, effectively camouflaging the underlying muscular and bony deficit.

    So, while the surface of the palate appears normal, the essential muscle and functions responsible for sealing off the nasal cavity from the oral cavity during speech are compromised. This cleft (or lack of muscle) can be seen as a bluish midline discoloration of the soft palate, often a bifid (split) uvula, and at times a notch in the posterior border of the hard palate can be felt upon palpation. However, these signs aren’t always present or easily discernible, contributing to the difficulty arriving at a diagnosis.

    Diagnosing a submucous cleft palate is often akin to searching for a needle in a haystack, especially for the untrained eye. Unlike overt clefts that are visually apparent at birth, an SMCP can go undiagnosed for years, sometimes well into childhood or even adolescence. Paediatricians and even ENT surgeons have been known to miss it during routine checks due to the intact mucosal lining. Parents might notice their child’s speech sounds ‘different’ or ‘nasal’ but struggle to pinpoint the cause. Children might undergo extensive speech therapy without a proper diagnosis, as the underlying structural issue continues to hinder progress.

    My experience as a speech therapist in private practice:

    Over my years of practice, I have encountered several children presenting with persistent hyper-nasal speech and significant difficulties producing plosive and fricative sounds.

    It has been incredibly rewarding, though at times challenging, to successfully diagnose SMCP in a number of these children. My approach often involves:

    • a meticulous oral motor examination,
    • careful listening for the specific qualities of hypernasality,
    • and a deep understanding of the physiological requirements for clear speech sound production.

    When I suspect an SMCP, I refer these children to Great Ormond Street Hospital where a fantastic multidisciplinary team, typically including ENT surgeons and a specialist speech-language therapist can conduct more definitive assessments. These assessments often involve instrumental analyses such as videofluoroscopy or nasoendoscopy, which provide objective measures of velopharyngeal function and visual confirmation of the anatomical deficit.

    The path to resolution: surgery, therapy, and successful outcomes

    Surgery

    The journey for these children, once diagnosed, often involves surgical intervention. It’s not uncommon for children with SMCP to undergo multiple operations to achieve optimal velopharyngeal closure. These procedures aim to reconstruct or augment the velopharyngeal mechanism, enabling it to effectively separate the oral and nasal cavities during speech. The specific surgical approach depends on the individual child’s anatomy and the severity of the velopharyngeal insufficiency. It’s a testament to the skill of these specialised surgeons that such intricate repairs can be performed with remarkable success.

    Speech therapy

    Following surgery these children embark on the crucial phase of speech therapy. While surgery addresses the structural problem, speech therapy helps a child learn to utilise their newly improved anatomy. It involves intensive work on developing oral airflow, establishing correct articulatory placement, and reducing learned compensatory strategies that have developed due to the original structural deficit. It is immensely gratifying to witness the transformation. Children who once struggled to produce basic sounds, whose speech was difficult to understand, gradually develop clear speech.

    Next steps?

    If you’re a parent concerned about your child’s speech and feeding, you’re not alone. The journey can feel confusing, but professional guidance can make all the difference. Never hesitate to have a second opinion when you have that niggling feeling that there is something that has not yet been explored. At London Speech and Feeding I specialise in being thorough and thinking outside the box.

    I am here to provide the support you need. Reach out to schedule a consultation and take the first step towards helping your child communicate and thrive.

    Sonja McGeachie

    Highly Specialist Speech and Language Therapist

    Owner of The London Speech and Feeding Practice.


    Health Professions Council registered
    Royal College of Speech & Language Therapists Member
    Member of ASLTIP

    Find a speech and language therapist for your child in London. Are you concerned about your child’s speech, feeding or communication skills and don’t know where to turn? Please contact me and we can discuss how I can help you or visit my services page.

    1
  • ·

    Dynamic assessment – Let’s look beyond the checklist

    Dynamic assessment – Let’s look beyond the checklist

    As a parent, you’re always observing your child, celebrating his or her milestones, and sometimes, wondering if he or she is quite on track. When it comes to speech, language, play, attention, and listening, these early years are a whirlwind of development! It’s natural to seek guidance if you have concerns, and that’s where a truly comprehensive assessment comes in.

    But what exactly does ‘comprehensive’ mean, especially when it goes beyond a typical checklist? You can find any number of check lists online these days but whilst they can give you an overall idea of what a child is typically expected to do at any given age, it can also start leading you into a rabbit hole of anxiety of ‘what-iffery’.

    At The London Speech and Feeding Practice I believe in something far more insightful than a static evaluation: Dynamic Assessment. Think of it as an in-depth, interactive investigation into your child’s unique communication landscape, exploring not just what he or she can do, but how he or she learns and why he or she might be facing challenges. This is so important.

    What makes an assessment ‘dynamic’?

    Imagine trying to understand a child’s personality by just looking at a single photograph. It gives you a glimpse, but it hardly tells the whole story. Traditional, formal assessments, while valuable, can sometimes be like that photograph – a snapshot of skills at one specific moment.

    Dynamic assessment, on the other hand, is a living, breathing process. It’s called ‘dynamic’ because:

    • It’s interactive and responsive: It adapts to your child’s needs in real-time. It’s not about sticking rigidly to a pre-set schedule of tests. Instead, it’s about observing, gently prompting, and providing support to see how your child responds and learns. This allows me to understand his or her learning potential, not just his or her current performance.
    • It’s holistic and multi-faceted: I look at the whole child. We delve deep into not just speech and language, but also his or her play skills (a crucial window into cognitive and social development), attention and listening abilities, and his or her social engagement. These areas are intricately linked, and a delay in one can often impact others.
    • It integrates multiple perspectives: Your insights as a parent are invaluable! Before we even meet, my comprehensive onboarding questionnaire gathers essential background. During the assessment, your feedback, observations, and comments are woven into the fabric of our session. You are the expert on your child, and your voice is central to forming a complete picture.
    Dynamic assessment – Let’s look beyond the checklist

    More than just ‘speech’: A deep dive into development

    You might initially be concerned about your child’s speech sounds, or perhaps his or her ability to form sentences. These are vital areas, but my approach goes much further. I’m keen to understand:

    • The ‘why’ behind the ‘what’: Is a child struggling with language because of difficulties with understanding instructions (receptive language), or with expressing themselves (expressive language)? Are his or her attention skills impacting his or her ability to follow a conversation? Is his or her play demonstrating imaginative thought, or does he or she prefer more structured, repetitive activities? These nuances are critical.
    • Differential diagnosis: This is where the skill of an experienced clinician truly comes into its own. Through dynamic assessment, I can differentiate between a developmental delay (where a child is following a typical progression but at a slower pace) and a disorder (where his or her development is following an atypical pattern). This distinction is vital because it guides the type of support and intervention that will be most effective. Understanding the cause of the delay or disorder is paramount to creating a targeted, impactful therapy plan.

    The art of observation

    While I draw upon evidence-based practice as well as a formal, standardised assessment as well as my extensive clinical knowledge, I also rely heavily on the art of observation. From the moment your child walks into the room, I’m establishing rapport, engaging them in play, and creating a safe, fun environment. It’s through this genuine interaction – often without them even realising they’re being ‘assessed’ – that the most authentic insights emerge.

    This is where the magic happens:

    • Building rapport: A child who feels comfortable and connected will show you so much more of his or her true abilities and personality. I pride myself on creating an atmosphere where children can relax and simply be themselves.
    • Play as a window: Play isn’t just fun; it’s a child’s natural language. It reveals his or her understanding of the world, his or her problem-solving skills, his or her social engagement, and his or her ability to use symbols and language.
    • Skilled interpretation: My years of experience allow me to see beyond surface-level behaviours and interpret the subtle cues that might indicate underlying strengths or challenges. This goes far beyond what any standardised test alone can capture.

    Why choose a clinician who offers dynamic assessment?

    In essence, a dynamic assessment provides a rich, nuanced, and truly personalised understanding of your child. It’s an investment in:

    • Accuracy: Leading to a more precise diagnosis and understanding of his or her unique profile.
    • Tailored support: Enabling the creation of highly individualised therapy goals that truly meet your child where he or she is and gently guide him or her forward.
    • Empowerment: You’ll leave with not just answers, but also practical strategies and a clear path forward, feeling confident and informed.

    If you’re seeking a thorough, empathetic, and truly insightful assessment for your child’s communication development in London, I invite you to get in touch. Let’s work together to unlock your child’s full potential.

    Sonja McGeachie

    Highly Specialist Speech and Language Therapist

    Owner of The London Speech and Feeding Practice.


    Health Professions Council registered
    Royal College of Speech & Language Therapists Member
    Member of ASLTIP

    Find a speech and language therapist for your child in London. Are you concerned about your child’s speech, feeding or communication skills and don’t know where to turn? Please contact me and we can discuss how I can help you or visit my services page.

    1
  • ·

    Why Imitation is so Important

    Target Activities and Games For Kids

    Why imitation is so important and how can speech and language therapy help children who struggle to imitate?

    Imitation or copying starts in early infancy. When we observe a young baby and his parent or familiar adult we can see clearly and frequently that the baby will be intently looking at adult’s face and try to copy their facial expressions, smiles and all those funny baby sounds we often make with young babies.

    These sounds are called “motherese” and are the beginnings of a little conversation between the parent and the baby. The “conversation can go back and forth for a long time and include sounds, as well as facial expressions.

    A little later on, once the baby can crawl and sit up unaided the copying then goes on to include toys and objects. Mum or Dad will show their toddler how to use a drum or how to put a little train on the wooden tracks and the toddler will try and copy this. They may not succeed and be a little clumsy perhaps but the act of copying anything and everything their favourite adult does is typically seen throughout the day.

    We all know and have laughed at mums or dads saying; ssshhh don’t say that in front of the baby he/she will copy you, watch your mouth! (as dad is swearing at the broken radiator….)

    This imitation goes on for years and includes eventually of course little words, more words, putting words together and then creating sentences, all the while our toddler is listening to how their adults speak, not only what they say but how they say it. This is how dialects and accents can be transmitted easily from parent /family to child.

    Copying in Children with Autism

    We know that children with autism often struggle to imitate. We see children on the spectrum typically having great difficulty to copy adults or children; this can be seen in very reduced play with their peers in nursery for example.

    Children with autism tend to have reduced joint attention and engagement with others and need to develop the ability and awareness to copy others in order to then engage more jointly with others.

    Speech and Language Therapy can help with Parent Child Interaction work and Coaching, here is how:

    During my coaching work with parents I teach step by step how to help a child who struggles to imitate:

    We look at all the researched skills and actions that adults can take to help their little one to copy, starting with close observation of their child’s interests, then following and including their child’s play and copying/imitating their child in how they play. I teach steps in a graduated way so that it is easy to see the progress and joyful to have the results at the end.

    The results are clear to see over time: our children on the spectrum learn to imitate actions, with objects and gestures, then sounds and words. Alongside this increased imitation skill the child can then develop more joint attention and engagement.

    I would always recommend Parent Child Interaction Training as a first port of call as we learn so many great techniques which are well researched by the Hanen Programme, www.hanen.org. Do drop me a line if you would like to find out more.


    Find a speech and language therapist for your child in London. Are you concerned about your child’s speech, feeding or communication skills and don’t know where to turn? Please contact me and we can discuss how I can help you or visit my services page.

  • ·

    Unlocking language and thinking skills: The power of sequencing

    Sonja demonstrates the power of sequencing

    As speech and language therapists, we often use a variety of techniques to help children develop their communication and cognitive skills. One incredibly valuable tool in our toolkit is the use of sequencing activities. But what exactly is sequencing, and why is it so beneficial?

    What is sequencing?

    Sequencing, at its core, involves arranging items, events, or actions in a specific order. This could involve putting pictures in the correct order to tell a story, following the steps in a recipe, or understanding the order of daily routines like brushing teeth or getting dressed.

    The link between sequencing and language

    Sequencing is fundamental to language development and is quintessential to executive functioning skills in several ways:

    • Narrative skills: Storytelling, whether oral or written, relies heavily on sequencing. A child needs to understand the order of events (beginning, middle, end) to construct a coherent narrative.
    • Explanations and instructions: Providing clear explanations or instructions requires the ability to sequence information logically. For example, explaining how to play a game or how to get from one place to another. In the video clip below we are working on ‘how do make a sandwich’.
    • Vocabulary development: Sequencing helps children understand temporal words and phrases like ‘first,’ ‘then,’ ‘next,’ ‘before,’ and ‘after’.
    • Sentence structure: Constructing grammatically correct sentences often involves sequencing words in a specific order (e.g., subject-verb-object).

    Beyond language, sequencing plays a crucial role in developing executive functioning skills. These are higher-level cognitive skills that help us plan, organise, and manage our time and actions.

    Sequencing activities can help children improve in the following areas:

    • Planning and organisation: Sequencing tasks require children to think ahead, plan the steps involved, and organise them in a logical order.
    • Problem-solving: When they are faced with a problem, sequencing helps children break it down into smaller, more manageable steps.
    • Working memory: Holding information in mind and manipulating it, such as remembering the steps in a multi-step direction, is supported by sequencing skills.
    • Cognitive flexibility: Being able to adjust to changes in a sequence or think of alternative sequences promotes cognitive flexibility.

    Examples of sequencing activities

    Here are some practical examples of sequencing activities you can do with your child:

    • Picture sequencing: Use a set of picture cards to tell a short story or illustrate a process (e.g., making a sandwich, going to the park). Ask your child to arrange the cards in the correct order.
    • Story retelling: After reading a story, have your child retell it, focusing on the order of events.
    • Following instructions: Give your child multi-step instructions to follow (e.g., ‘First, get your shoes. Then, put on your coat. Next, go to the door.’).
    • Sequencing during play: Integrate sequencing into everyday play. For example, while building with blocks, talk about the steps: ‘First, we put this block here. Next, we add this one…’
    • Daily routines: Create visual schedules for daily routines, like getting ready for school or bedtime, to help children understand the sequence of events.
    • In the video clip below I am using an on-line language activity which is often fun for children as they can use their finger to swipe the pictures effortlessly into the right place and, if we realise at the end of the story that we have made a little error, we can then easily re-jig the pictures into their correct place.

    In conclusion

    Sequencing activities offer a powerful way to support children’s language development and enhance their executive functioning skills. By helping children understand and create order, we equip them with essential tools for communicating, learning, and navigating the world around them.

    Do get in touch via my contact form if you are concerned about your child’s development.

    Sonja McGeachie

    Highly Specialist Speech and Language Therapist

    Owner of The London Speech and Feeding Practice.


    Health Professions Council registered
    Royal College of Speech & Language Therapists Member
    Member of ASLTIP

    Find a speech and language therapist for your child in London. Are you concerned about your child’s speech, feeding or communication skills and don’t know where to turn? Please contact me and we can discuss how I can help you or visit my services page.

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